Finite Element Modeling in the Development of Lightweight Precast Concrete to Improve Joint Efficiency

This research presents the development of precast concrete connections with a hybrid joint system as an alternative to conventional bolted connections. The hybrid joint system is chosen due to its ability to provide better integration between columns and beams, resulting in improved structural strength and stability. Additionally, the use of hybrid joints ensures water and air tightness and accelerates the installation process, which is crucial in construction. The aim of this research is to improve the ductility and efficacy of connections in seismic-resistant constructions. The behavior of precast concrete connections, stress distribution, and crack patterns are predicted using finite element analysis with Abaqus. The results show that the predicted backbone load-deformation curve correlates with the maximum positive load of 29.094 kN and maximum negative load of -4.080 kN, corresponding to deformations of 8.928% and -8.931%, respectively. The strong column-weak beam principle is upheld, with a maximum concrete stress of 10.7 MPa and a maximum steel stress of 439.02 MPa, demonstrating that the concrete remains intact while the steel reinforcement has succumbed. The crack patterns and stress distribution reveal that the connection is critical in the design of seismic-resistant structures. This study highlights the importance of proper detailing of connections to enhance ductility and structural capacity. Future research will focus on developing more symmetric interior models to improve connection performance.